Commercial industrial synthesis of Naproxen
Krokou Charalambia (email: Αυτή η διεύθυνση ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου προστατεύεται από τους αυτοματισμούς αποστολέων ανεπιθύμητων μηνυμάτων. Χρειάζεται να ενεργοποιήσετε τη JavaScript για να μπορέσετε να τη δείτε.), Koutsoyianni Konstantina (email: Αυτή η διεύθυνση ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου προστατεύεται από τους αυτοματισμούς αποστολέων ανεπιθύμητων μηνυμάτων. Χρειάζεται να ενεργοποιήσετε τη JavaScript για να μπορέσετε να τη δείτε.), Kotanidou Christina (email: Αυτή η διεύθυνση ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου προστατεύεται από τους αυτοματισμούς αποστολέων ανεπιθύμητων μηνυμάτων. Χρειάζεται να ενεργοποιήσετε τη JavaScript για να μπορέσετε να τη δείτε.), Kalafatas Angelos (email: Αυτή η διεύθυνση ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομείου προστατεύεται από τους αυτοματισμούς αποστολέων ανεπιθύμητων μηνυμάτων. Χρειάζεται να ενεργοποιήσετε τη JavaScript για να μπορέσετε να τη δείτε.)
DOI: 10.62579/JAGC0009
Summary
Naproxen, a derivative of α-aryl propionic acid, belongs to the class of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs and is commercially available under the name “Aleve”. It is the first Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory NSAID that was isolated in its pure form as the S enantiomer by the Pope -Peachy method. The synthetic processes that have taken place in the industry in recent years are the subject of extensive scientific research and analysis with the aim of improving them to find a more "green", efficient, economical and short process. In this context, a thorough historical review of naproxen is presented, focusing on its development from its commercial application in the early 1970s to its current position. Its synthesis began in 1970 by Syntex with beta-naphthol as a raw material and a production of 500 kg. It was also commercialized by Syntex in 1976. The present industrial synthesis took place in the period 1984-1993, with a yield of 90% using the Pope-Peachy method and a recovery of N-alkylglucamine in each cycle of 98%. A brief reference is made to the chemical structure of the molecule, its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile as well as its mechanism of action in order to understand at a later stage the mechanism as well as the catalytic system of the predominant industrial synthesis of naproxen, highlighting the chemical reactions. Through a detailed flow chart, the exact synthesis process is presented, describing each step of the process in technical detail. Finally, statistical data on naproxen's patents and formulation publications are presented, highlighting its global influence and importance in the field of the pharmaceutical industry.
SUBJECT AREA:Industrial Synthesis of Naproxen
KEYWORDS:Naproxen, industrial synthesis, Pope-Peachy, Syntex, historical review, mechanism, catalysts, statistics
